Tuesday, 3 April 2012

Semiotics


As we know that semiotics is the study of signs and sign processes in the society. We often perceive the meaning of symbols like as we see images, hear sounds and feel smells. Our life is full of signs; they can be found literally everywhere. Advertising is one of the media branches that widely uses semiotics. 
Advertising has always been using visual signs of an established value, causing the usual associations, which take the role of rhetorical assumptions. For example, the image of a young couple with a child refers to the representation, "there is nothing more beautiful and important than a happy family" and therefore then comes your (you as a customer) conclusion "if this happy family uses this product, why my family don’t use it?" The same applies to branding, where it takes the form of applied semiotics approach. For example, branding- is a unique communicative element, allowing the product to bind to a particular object of the symbolic world, like in Marlboro cigarettes, where we initially think about cowboys. 


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Bignell, J. (1997) Media Semiotics. Manchester: Manchester University Press.  
Image: 
Marlboro (1971) Marlboro [Advertisement]. Available at http://home.honolulu.hawaii.edu/~pine/Book2/marlboro-ads.html (Accessed: 3 April 2012).   

August Sander. People of the 20th Century.




‘The essence of photography is by nature documentary” that’s how August Sander, the most influential photographer in history explained his view on photography. He mainly focused on the portraits, but even behind them there was a political purpose.  A good example would be his set of works “People of the 20th Century” in which August Sander wanted to show the aspects of social and professional group. The work “People of the 20Th Century” is divided into seven categories: The Farmer, The Skilled Tradesman, The Woman, Classes and Professions, The Artists, The City, and The Last People.
All these categories show us different type of people of Germany in 1920s and 1930s- working class, philosophers, students, doctors, soldiers, aristocrats, his family and even politicians. In the “Woman” section August focused on women at all their diversity- from those women that devote themselves to raise children to those who seek to make a career. The last section of the series, is not without a reason called "The Last People”. It is devoted to people which were removed from the society - the disabled and mentally ill people, dying people, beggars and vagabonds. The pictures from this section have caused particular disappointment with the Ministry of Culture of Nazi Germany, because these photographs questioned the idea of ​​the German race as a heroic and pure nation. Nowadays, the series consists of photographs, which managed to survive after the repression that followed the destruction of the album. In these works of "People of the 20th century," August Sander tried to discover the deep essence of the human being, his membership in a particular social and cultural type. He believed that the camera makes this process more significant than any other visual tools. 



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Tagliaventi, A., Leonelli, L., Mauro, A., Zanot, F., Curti, D. (2009) Foto: Box. Translated by Jimena Bargados, Catriona Cappleman, Clare Costa, Grace Crerar-Bromlow and Luisa Nitrato Izzo. Reprint, London: Thames & Hudson Ltd, 2009. 

Images:
Sander. A. (1928). The Right Eye of My Daughter Sigrid [Online]. Available at: http://www.moma.org/collection/browse_results.php?criteria=O%3AAD%3AE%3A5145&page_number=22&template_id=1&sort_order=1 (Accessed: 3 April 2012).
Sander. A. (1928). Bricklayer's Mate [Online]. Available at: http://www.moma.org/collection/browse_results.php?criteria=O%3AAD%3AE%3A5145&page_number=25&template_id=1&sort_order=1 (Accessed: 3 April 2012).
Sander. A. (1930-31). Children Born Blind [Online]. Available at: http://www.moma.org/collection/browse_results.php?criteria=O%3AAD%3AE%3A5145&page_number=30&template_id=1&sort_order=1 (Accessed 3 April 2012).


Sunday, 1 April 2012

James Nachtwey



  "When one group of people hates another group of people so profoundly that they can torture and murder babies and children, we have a serious problem on our hands"  Hogg & Vaughan 2005


Being discriminated quite many times, I developed an interest to study the nature of prejudice, discrimination, and the role of society. During my studies I noticed the works of James Nachtwey and they really impressed me.
For over twenty years James Nachtwey is sharing with us the darkest, the most evil recesses of our world and the horror and pain of human existence. I can’t even imagine how many people are actually not aware of what is happening in the world. Recent years have witnessed monstrous violence in Somalia, Bosnia, Croatia, Kosovo, Rwanda, Chechnya, Afghanistan and Iraq. The last century was by far the bloodiest in systematic human Slaughter and James Nachtwey has been first in line to witness those events. “What allows me to overcome the emotional obstacles inherent in my work is the belief that when people are confronted by images that evoke comparison, they will continue to respond, no matter how exhausted, angry or frustrated they may be.” James Nachtwey

A remarkable speech by James Nachtwey accepting his 2007 LED prize is worth watching. 
www.youtube.com/watch?v=AGKZhNK_pHw

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Hogg, A. M., Vaughan, M. G. (2005). Social Psychology. (4). Essex. Pearson Education Limited.   
http://www.jamesnachtwey.com (Accessed: 1 April 2012)
Tagliaventi, A., Leonelli, L., Mauro, A., Zanot, F., Curti, D. (2009) Foto: Box. Translated by Jimena Bargados, Catriona Cappleman, Clare Costa, Grace Crerar-Bromlow and Luisa Nitrato Izzo. Reprint, London: Thames & Hudson Ltd, 2009.  
TEDtalksDirectror (2007) James Nachtwey: TED Prize wish: Share a vital story with the world. Availiable at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AGKZhNK_pHw (Accessed: 1 April 2012). 

Image:
Nachtwey, J. (1994). Survivor of a Hutu death camp, Rwanda [Online]. Available at: http://www.jamesnachtwey.com/ (Accessed: 1 April 2012)   



Nan Goldin



Nan Goldin started doing photography at the age of 15. She succeeded in taking photographs of herself without limits, fear and shame. Through her photographs, we can see the whole journey of Nan Golding and the path that she chose with her friends. In her interview she said that she wanted to show the “real” world, the world that she was a part of, where people partied all the time abusing drugs and alcohol, loving and living…and finally dying. Most of her friends didn’t survive 90s but Nan Goldin managed to cheat the fate once again, going through several rehabs of drug and alcohol addiction…death was coming closer but she survived. 



This photo appeared on the cover of the book "The Ballad of Sexual Dependency" and became the quintessence of poetic cycle. She successfully portrayed the essence of an intimate relationship and the eternal dialectic of the sexes. According to Nan Goldin, there’s a certain distance that always present in intimacy. This book also introduced Nan Goldin as a powerful figure onto the art Scene.


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Tagliaventi, A., Leonelli, L., Mauro, A., Zanot, F., Curti, D. (2009) Foto: Box. Translated by Jimena Bargados, Catriona Cappleman, Clare Costa, Grace Crerar-Bromlow and Luisa Nitrato Izzo. Reprint, London: Thames & Hudson Ltd, 2009.  
Klein, W. (2000) Nan Goldin. From Contacts Vol. 2, Portraits of Contemporary Photographers. Part 1 availiable at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Z3sihEuiEk (Accessed: 8 March 2012). Part 2 availiable at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?gl=PL&hl=pl&v=L9VWSCuKM1Y (Accessed 8 March 2012). 

Image: 
Goldin, N. (1983). Nan and Brian in Bed [Online]. Available at: http://www.moma.org/collection/browse_results.php?criteria=O%3AAD%3AE%3A7532&page_number=11&template_id=1&sort_order=1 (Accessed: 1 April 2012).

 

Monday, 13 February 2012

Fame. Game?


Nowadays, there is a tendency using celebrities for advertising certain products. 
This is a very powerful advertising method, which aims to ensure that characteristics of a chosen celebrity relate to the characteristics of the brand. I will start from Adidas that pays a lot of money to David Beckham to advertise its products. To my mind, David is that type of the man that every man wants to become- he is very successful, handsome and famous, his wife is a superstar and this list can go on and on. Who doesn’t want to be like him? However the main factor is that he is a really good football player with a history. He has been playing professional football for 19 years and certainly he knows what sport brand to choose and he chooses Adidas and that what makes people to choose Adidas too. 


The same situation is on every market; even photography industry couldn’t resist using celebrities to advertise their products. For example, Ashton Kutcher for Nikon and Avril Lavigne for Canon. However there’s a question that pops out in my mind- how do they relate to photography? Why these big brands like Canon and Nikon don’t use famous photographers like Steve McCurry for their ads? I suppose that they try to target ordinary people, which probably don’t know who Steve McCurry is. They don’t need to target professionals, because these professionals already know what camera they want to use and a pretty face of a certain celebrity won't help us (professionals) to make up our mind.   
  
Manufacturers use celebrities as walking billboards…



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Adidas. (2012) Available at: http://www.adidas.co.uk (Accessed: 13 February 2012)
Images: 
Adidas. (no year found) David Beckham for Adidas [Advertisement]. Available at: https://www.google.com/search?q=david+beckham+for+adidas&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&hl=en&tbm=isch&source=og&sa=N&tab=wi&ei=d4J7T_KOLY6q8AOO5bHQCA&biw=1173&bih=602&sei=eoJ7T4rwAs7p8QPXspDXCA (Accessed: 13 February 2012)

Nikon. (no year found) Ashton Kutcher for Nikon [Advertisement]. Available at: https://www.google.com/search?q=david+beckham+for+adidas&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&hl=en&tbm=isch&source=og&sa=N&tab=wi&ei=d4J7T_KOLY6q8AOO5bHQCA&biw=1173&bih=602&sei=eoJ7T4rwAs7p8QPXspDXCA#um=1&hl=en&client=firefox-a&rls=org.mozilla:en-US%3Aofficial&tbm=isch&sa=1&q=ashton+kutcher+for+nikon+&oq=ashton+kutcher+for+nikon+&aq=f&aqi=&aql=&gs_l=img.3...134907l139796l0l140117l25l25l0l13l13l0l382l1596l5j6j0j1l12l0.frgbld.&pbx=1&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.r_qf.,cf.osb&fp=4e70c6fd3d9a4019&biw=1173&bih=602 (Accessed: 13 February 2012)